It’s me, a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. A third category of neps found on the surface of the dyed fabrics was named pancake type neps. This is because the equipment required to gin, and clean cotton will inevitably result in some fiber entanglement causing neps to occur. It is advisable that spinners periodically measure neps in the chute feed material and in the card slivers to determine nep removal efficiency. This means that lower the neps in the card sliver could mean lower comber noil, which can be a major saving to spinners. COTTON QUALITY: WHITE SPECK NEPS FROM FIBER TO FABRIC Patricia Bel New Orleans, LA Bugao Xu The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX Abstract White speck neps, which are composed of immature cotton, are not easily detected until the fabric is dyed, whereupon they become visible particularly in dark shades. The mechanical processes affecting neps formation include ginning, opening and blending, carding, combing, drawing and spinning. [Show full abstract] to observe the effect of spinning parameters such as rotor diameter and speed on thick, thin places and neps of yarn in rotor spinning process. The effect of contamination on final yarn quality and various techniques of contamination removal during spinning processes have also been discussed in detail. The study revealed a relationship between the blend ratio and the NEPS 200% in the yarn per km. The reason is the reduction in number of fiber ends protruding from the yarn surface resulting in less neps. There is an inverse nature of NEPS (200%/km) with the increase in polyester proportion in the blend, which is shown in Figure 4. Question 1: What are neps, seedcoat neps, and white specks? The number of readings for tenacity and evenness was 200 and 8 respectively. This type of nep is very common, and it represents the majority of neps in U.S. cotton. Neps containing foreign material such as seed coat fragments, leaf or stem materials were designated as biological neps. The yarn quality tends to deteriorate i.e. For air-jet spinning, neps represent a more serious matter and careful purchasing of cotton bales is critical. Discover these answers and more. The effect of neps on yarn cost is twofold: (1) neps must be largely removed before yarns can be produced, (2) residual neps can be detrimental to the appearance and the value of yarn. Neps do not generate after carding due to the number of draw frame passage. It also could be checked by changing others spinning parameters. It should also be noted that the higher the carding speed the lower the nep removal efficiency. YARN FAULTS Effect on Quality ( Cntd…) Faults like spinners doubles are difficult to determine in the yarn, with the naked eye. The quality cotton yarn was produce by using rotor spinning system that can be used for weaving and knitting fabrics. 11. Ginning conditions that influence nep formation are the ginning process itself, the amount of lint cleaning, heat history and the amount of energy input into the individual fiber. Mechanical neps are those made up of only fibrous material containing at least five or more fibres. Crimp is the waviness of a fiber, i.e. The two main factors affecting nep formation are fiber characteristics and mechanical processing. And what causes them? introduced fiber neps and seed coat neps. This can be as low as 40% and as high as 90%. Neps of large sizes (> 2,000 µm) that manage to survive into the yarn can result in poor yarn appearance and they can appear in the finished fabrics in the form of undyed dark dots (white specks) particularly if they constitute dead or immature fibers. In today’s climate, designers don’t just have an opportunity to create beautiful products, they have an obligation to use their informed positions to create innovative fibers, fabrics, design systems, and products that protect our planet. It also could be checked by changing others spinning parameters. The opening and cleaning process will always add neps to cotton fibers. Effect of polyester/cotton blend ratio on NEPS 200%/ km. The number of readings for tenacity and evenness was 200 and 8 respectively. The Ne24 and Ne30 cotton yarns have comparable unevenness and … Yarn produced from shorter fibers has negative 2 effect on yarn tenacity, hairiness and yarn imperfections. Neps are small knots of tangled fibers which are created during harvesting, ginning, and yarn manufacturing phases of production. Hairiness: Hairiness is measured using Uster Tester-4. Normally, fibers of micronaire value above 3.8 are very mature. Neps are associated with poor yarn and ultimately with poor fabric appearance and have an effect on yarn uniformity and dyeing quality. Effect of polyester/cotton blend ratio on NEPS 200%/ km. Ltd. Jalgaon. Effect of polyester/cotton blend ratio on NEPS 200%/ km Figure 4: Effect of polyester/cotton blend ratio on NEPS 200%/Km. Nep removal efficiency in carding is determined using the following formula [100 × (neps in the chute-feed – Neps in the carded sliver)/neps in the chute feed]. Manually-harvested cotton will have fewer neps than mechanically-harvested cotton, stripper-harvested cotton will have slightly higher neps than spindle-harvested cotton due to the need for more cleaning and saw-gin cotton will have higher neps than roller-gin cotton. The yarn quality tends to deteriorate i.e. The higher the nep-removal efficiency the lower the neps in the carded sliver. The yarn tenacity improves at lower card production rate because of better carding quality (Rakshit et al, 1985).Neps in the drawn sliver mainly increase due to inferior carding quality at higher card production rate. Chapter 5 provides insight into the types of neps and their measurement and control in blow room, carding and comber processes. Data from the Uster tester [ 1] suggest that average ring spinners produced nep levels in the range from 25 nep/km (≈ 0.3 nep/g) at about 6 s cotton count to 1300 nep/km (≈ 100 nep/g) at 45 s cotton count. These are also caused by mechanical means during seed-cotton cleaning before ginning or due to seed damage during ginning. This represents less than 8% of the cotton worldwide. Thus, the existence of neps in a cotton bale is inevitable. The tooth profile, manufacturing quality, specification, sharpness and wear resistance directly affect the quality of the yarn; The use of high-quality sharp clothing can significantly reduce the neps. There are four stages of processing during spinning in which nep content can be controlled:  The sensitivity levelwas 3for thick places and neps and - 50% for thin places. For more information about how we collect, use, and share such information click here. In this study, the relationship between fiber properties and yarn imperfections has been investigated using … 0 REFERENCES 1 2 [1]. However, these defects may also be due to the presence of fiber contaminants during the knitting process as a result of fly generation during knitting. Please direct your questions to the author at [email protected]. Figure 4:Effect of polyester/cotton blend ratio on NEPS 200%/Km. Neps are associated with poor yarn and ultimately with poor fabric appearance and have an effect on yarn uniformity and dyeing quality. The following types of neps may be observed in a bale of cotton: Pure fiber neps (or mechanical neps) typically consist of long and fine fibers. The removal of neps represents a significant added-cost of yarn manufacturing since they may require more frequent wiring of carding machines, or higher comber noils during combing. measures neps in yarns as short thick spots. Disclaimer:  This article responds to questions addressed by a number of spinners in Vietnam and Bangladesh regarding cotton fiber neps and seedcoat fragments. 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The residual neps can be as low as 30 neps per gram in carded yarns and as low as 8 or 10 neps per gram in combed yarns. In spinning mills with different spinning systems and different preparation methods, bales of high neps should be used for medium-quality carded ring-spun yarns or open-end spun yarns. White speck neps contain minature clusters of fibers and are often not visible as defects until dyeing, rendering the fabric unsuitable for colornercial use, resulting in large financial losses. When high variation of neps between cards is observed, better card maintenance and wiring schedule will be required. Founder & President @ Elmogahzy-Consultant, LLC, U.S.A. Email: [email protected]. 3.1 Neps (USTER ® AFIS-N ... describe the quality of a fiber or a yarn. Combed yarns are superior in quality when compared to carded yarn as they are generally finer, stronger, smoother and more uniform due to the removal of short fibers and the alignment of fibers. Effect of yarn winding Most of the mills use high-speed winding machines to wind the yarn. It is important for spinners to diagnose the fabric defect very carefully before making a conclusion about the cause. Neps in the Combing Process What spinners should also know is that the higher the neps in the chute feed material, the lower the nep removal efficiency. The amount of neps per bale will vary depending on the methods of fiber production. Effect Of Spinning On Yarn Quality - Sep 18, 2020 - The number of fiber roots extracted from the roving is the same whether the roving is of light weight or heavy weight in the drawing of the yarn.
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